{"id":2820,"date":"2016-07-08T14:15:11","date_gmt":"2016-07-08T12:15:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/fr\/?p=2820"},"modified":"2016-11-06T23:04:11","modified_gmt":"2016-11-06T22:04:11","slug":"lhistoire-du-parmigiano-reggiano-notre-histoire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/fr\/2016\/07\/lhistoire-du-parmigiano-reggiano-notre-histoire\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019histoire du Parmigiano Reggiano, notre histoire."},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Il est le produit le plus imit\u00e9, cependant seul le parmigiano reggiano est authentique\u00a0et son go\u00fbt incomparable est appr\u00e9ci\u00e9 aux quatre coins du monde; de plus, il est prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par le label d\u2019Appellation d\u2019Origine prot\u00e9g\u00e9e.<br \/>\nLa tradition de ce produit historique et symbole du Made in Italy\u00a0est prot\u00e9g\u00e9 et garanti par le\u00a0Consortium du fromage Parmigiano Reggiano, l\u2019organisme qui rassemble la totalit\u00e9 des producteurs et qui au cours du si\u00e8cle dernier a veill\u00e9, entre autres, \u00e0 instituer le label d\u2019origine. Le consortium v\u00e9rifie que la r\u00e9glementation de production qui \u00e9tablit rigoureusement toutes les phases de transformation du fromage est bien respect\u00e9e dans les caseifici producteurs entre les provinces de Parme,\u00a0Reggio Emilia,\u00a0Mod\u00e8ne,\u00a0Bologne\u00a0et\u00a0Mantoue; en plus de le prot\u00e9ger, il en perfectionne la qualit\u00e9 pour en faire toujours un fromage sp\u00e9cial et il en fait la promotion.<br \/>\nMais l\u2019histoire du plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre fromage \u00e0 p\u00e2te dure remonte \u00e0 il y a bon nombre de si\u00e8cles.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Les caseifici du Parmigiano Reggiano, l\u2019histoire<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les premiers caseifici? Ce furent les monast\u00e8res b\u00e9n\u00e9dictins et cisterciens.<br \/>\nL\u2019histoire du Parmigiano Reggiano remonte en effet \u00e0 il y a 900 ans.\u00a0Aujourd\u2019hui comme \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, les ingr\u00e9dients sont les m\u00eames: eau, sel, lait et beaucoup de patience pour la formation de la p\u00e2te dure.<br \/>\nMais surtout les p\u00e2turages de l\u2019Emilie Romagne. Les monast\u00e8res b\u00e9n\u00e9dictins et cisterciens, pr\u00e9sents dans toute la plaine s\u00e9parant Parme de Reggio Emilia, facilit\u00e8rent le d\u00e9veloppement des granges, des fermes d\u2019\u00e9levage de vaches destin\u00e9es \u00e0 la production de lait. La rencontre entre les productions agricoles des granges et la production de sel de Salsomaggiore, associ\u00e9es \u00e0 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 des moines de produire un fromage qui se conserve le plus longtemps possible, ont men\u00e9 \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un fromage tr\u00e8s particulier, le Parmigiano Reggiano.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2403 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_6382-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_6382\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_6382-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_6382-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_6382-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_6382-80x53.jpg 80w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_6382-24x16.jpg 24w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_6382-36x24.jpg 36w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_6382-48x32.jpg 48w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_6382-655x437.jpg 655w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_6382.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Les premiers t\u00e9moignages concernant le parmesan remontent \u00e0 l\u2019an 1200: un acte notari\u00e9 r\u00e9dig\u00e9 \u00e0 G\u00eanes en 1254 en fait, \u00e9voque le\u00a0caseus parmensis. Au XIV\u00b0 si\u00e8cle, ce sont toujours les monast\u00e8res b\u00e9n\u00e9dictins et cisterciens qui poss\u00e8dent le monopole de la production du d\u00e9sormais c\u00e9l\u00e8bre fromage, qu\u2019ils exportent dans toute l\u2019Italie, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 atteindre les ports de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e. En 1344, c\u2019est en revanche Jean Boccace\u00a0qui parle dans son D\u00e9cameron de \u201cparmesan r\u00e2p\u00e9\u201d sur des \u201cmacaroni et des ravioles\u201d, laissant entendre d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque quelle pouvait \u00eatre l\u2019utilisation d\u2019un fromage \u00e0 p\u00e2te dure.<\/p>\n<p>Au fil du temps, la production agricole et commerciale se propage et les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictins ins\u00e8rent le parmesan \u00e9galement dans la province de Mod\u00e8ne; toutefois,\u00a0depuis le XVI\u00b0 si\u00e8cle, sa commercialisation a lieu dans toute l\u2019Europe: les \u201cformes\u201d arrivent en Allemagne, en France et en Flandre o\u00f9 il est mentionn\u00e9 par les cuisiniers les plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bres de l\u2019\u00e9poque. Cependant, sa notori\u00e9t\u00e9 a augment\u00e9 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de le prot\u00e9ger: l\u2019officialisation de l\u2019appellation r\u00e9dig\u00e9e par le Duch\u00e9 de Parme date en fait du 7 ao\u00fbt 1612, laquelle \u00e9tablie les lieux dont doit provenir le produit pour pouvoir se r\u00e9clamer de Parme.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Citations litt\u00e9raires<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Il n\u2019y a pas que Boccace: le bon go\u00fbt et la notori\u00e9t\u00e9 du Parmigiano Reggiano se propage rapidement \u00e0 travers l\u2019Europe et dans le reste du monde connu. Robert Louis Stevenson\u00a0en a aussi fait mention dans son livre L\u2019\u00cele au tr\u00e9sor: le docteur Livesey s\u2019adressant \u00e0 Jim, le protagoniste, affirme: \u00ab Vous connaissez ma tabati\u00e8re, n\u2019est-ce pas\u00a0? Et vous ne m\u2019avez jamais vu priser; la raison en est que je garde dans cette tabati\u00e8re un morceau de parmesan, un fromage fait en Italie et tr\u00e8s nutritif. \u00bb \u00catre nutritif, c\u2019\u00e9tait l\u00e0 le principal objectif poursuivi par les moines de l\u2019Emilie il y a 9 si\u00e8cles.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2408 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_20140922_084300\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-1600x1600.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-75x75.jpg 75w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-400x400.jpg 400w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-800x800.jpg 800w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-24x24.jpg 24w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-48x48.jpg 48w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-500x500.jpg 500w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300-655x655.jpg 655w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20140922_084300.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>AOP: appellation d\u2019origine prot\u00e9g\u00e9e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>S\u2019il avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 envisag\u00e9 de prot\u00e9ger le fromage \u00e0 p\u00e2te dure des imitations, au cours du si\u00e8cle dernier cette protection est devenue une n\u00e9cessit\u00e9, \u00e0 d\u00e9fendre comme une r\u00e8gle de droit.<br \/>\nLe premier consortium charg\u00e9 d\u2019authentifier le produit fut inscrit pr\u00e8s la Chambre de Commerce de Reggio Emilia en 1901. Huit ans plus tard, les repr\u00e9sentants de la Chambre de Commerce de Parme, Reggio, Mod\u00e8ne et Mantoue se r\u00e9unirent afin d\u2019\u00e9tablir la mention du marquage du fromage. Durant cette p\u00e9riode se posent des probl\u00e8mes li\u00e9s aux imitations : un \u201cReggianito argentin\u201d effectue \u00e9galement son entr\u00e9e sur les march\u00e9s.<br \/>\nEn 1928, le Consortium volontaire pour la d\u00e9fense du Grana Reggiano est cr\u00e9\u00e9, puis, la totalit\u00e9 des producteurs adh\u00e8rent au Consortium du Fromage Parmigiano Reggiano et l\u2019organisme commence la mission qui dure encore aujourd\u2019hui\u00a0: la protection du label.<br \/>\nParmi ces principales obligations figure justement celle de l\u2019application rigoureuse de la R\u00e9glementation de production, mise \u00e0 jour le 29 ao\u00fbt 2011.<br \/>\nSon Appellation d\u2019Origine Prot\u00e9g\u00e9e fait suite au r\u00e8glement de la CEE 2081\/92 et \u00e0 la reconnaissance du r\u00e8glement (CE) n\u00b01107\/96.<\/p>\n<p><strong>R\u00e9glementation du Parmigiano Reggiano<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Enfin, le r\u00e8glement du 14 d\u00e9cembre 2012, publi\u00e9 dans la Gazette Officielle de l\u2019Union Europ\u00e9enne a permis d\u2019utiliser aussi la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence de qualit\u00e9 \u00ab produit de montagne\u00a0\u00bb.<br \/>\nSuite \u00e0 cette publication, le Consortium a d\u00e9fini les lignes directrices destin\u00e9es \u00e0 identifier le Parmigiano Reggiano produit en montagne. Voici ses caract\u00e9ristiques :<br \/>\n\u25cf les \u00e9levages doivent se trouver dans des zones de montagne<br \/>\n\u25cf les fourrages utilis\u00e9s pour l\u2019alimentation des vaches doivent se trouver dans des zones de montagne<br \/>\n\u25cf les caseifici doivent se trouver dans des zones de montagne<br \/>\n\u25cf chaque phase de transformation du lait, de la traite, au repos dans les r\u00e9servoirs, \u00e0 la transformation dans des chaudrons, doit provenir de zones de montagne<br \/>\n\u25cf la formation de la p\u00e2te dure doit avoir lieu dans des \u00e9tablissements situ\u00e9s dans des zones de montagne.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2128 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/share_image-300x300.png\" alt=\"share_image\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/share_image-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/share_image-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/share_image-75x75.png 75w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/share_image-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/share_image-400x400.png 400w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/share_image-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/share_image-36x36.png 36w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/share_image-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/share_image-500x500.png 500w, https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/share_image.png 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Seul le fromage produit selon les r\u00e8gles de la r\u00e9glementation de production peut faire partie du label Parmigiano Reggiano: les caseifici qui veulent adh\u00e9rer au Consortium et donc produire le parmesan doivent remplir certains crit\u00e8res. Les crit\u00e8res indispensables sont: les pr\u00e9s de la province de Reggio-Emilia, les p\u00e2turages entre Bologne \u00e0 gauche du fleuve Reno et Mantoue au sud du Po, et surtout les vaches doivent \u00eatre de la race reggiana, les vaches rouges arriv\u00e9es, para\u00eet-il, avec les Longobardi.<br \/>\nLa plupart des caseifici qui produisent aujourd\u2019hui le Parmigiano Reggiano, le font \u00e0 partir du lait des vaches Frisone, arriv\u00e9es dans les provinces de Reggio au d\u00e9but du si\u00e8cle dernier, mais\u00a0ceux qui restent fid\u00e8les aux vaches rouges produisent un fromage de qualit\u00e9 sup\u00e9rieure.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Il est le produit le plus imit\u00e9, cependant seul le parmigiano reggiano est authentique\u00a0et son go\u00fbt incomparable est appr\u00e9ci\u00e9 aux quatre coins du monde; de plus, il est prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par le label d\u2019Appellation d\u2019Origine prot\u00e9g\u00e9e. La tradition de ce produit historique et symbole du Made in Italy\u00a0est prot\u00e9g\u00e9 et garanti par le\u00a0Consortium du fromage Parmigiano [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2401,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[59],"tags":[52],"class_list":{"0":"post-2820","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-blog-fr","8":"tag-parmigiano-reggiano","9":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>L\u2019histoire du Parmigiano Reggiano, notre histoire. - Consorzio Vacche Rosse<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019histoire du Parmigiano Reggiano, notre histoire.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Il est le produit le plus imit\u00e9, cependant seul le parmigiano reggiano est authentique\u00a0et son go\u00fbt incomparable est appr\u00e9ci\u00e9 aux quatre coins du monde; de plus, il est prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par le label d\u2019Appellation d\u2019Origine prot\u00e9g\u00e9e. La tradition de ce produit historique et symbole du Made in Italy\u00a0est prot\u00e9g\u00e9 et garanti par le\u00a0Consortium du fromage Parmigiano [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/fr\/2016\/07\/lhistoire-du-parmigiano-reggiano-notre-histoire\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Consorzio Vacche Rosse\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/consorziovaccherosse\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-07-08T12:15:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-11-06T22:04:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20141003_082321.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1067\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1067\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Francesco Canovi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Francesco Canovi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/fr\/2016\/07\/lhistoire-du-parmigiano-reggiano-notre-histoire\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/fr\/2016\/07\/lhistoire-du-parmigiano-reggiano-notre-histoire\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Francesco Canovi\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/01e82aedfaeefe4edb9abcb55b8b11e3\"},\"headline\":\"L\u2019histoire du Parmigiano Reggiano, notre histoire.\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-07-08T12:15:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-11-06T22:04:11+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/fr\/2016\/07\/lhistoire-du-parmigiano-reggiano-notre-histoire\/\"},\"wordCount\":1168,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/fr\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/fr\/2016\/07\/lhistoire-du-parmigiano-reggiano-notre-histoire\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_20141003_082321.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"parmigiano reggiano\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Blog\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/fr\/2016\/07\/lhistoire-du-parmigiano-reggiano-notre-histoire\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/staging.consorziovaccherosse.blacksolutions.net\/fr\/2016\/07\/lhistoire-du-parmigiano-reggiano-notre-histoire\/\",\"name\":\"L\u2019histoire du Parmigiano Reggiano, notre histoire. - 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